[출처: 중앙일보] 윤건영 “소설”이라더니···北원전 건설안, 산업부 파일에 있었다 "원전 마피아" 최재형 때리던 與, 北원전 문건 공개에 돌변 <중앙> ------------------------------------------------------------------- 이노스케 / 일베 댓글 문크 예거 운지 투하 1. 청와대 울산시장 선거개입 사건 주요 참고인 민정수석실 백재영 수사관 숨진 채 발견 2. 국무조정실 가상화폐 담당 정기준 경제조정실장 숨진 채 발견 3. 법무부 소속 출입국 담당 공무원 한강투신 자살 4. 금융증권범죄합동수사단 변창훈 검사 투신 자살 5. 버닝썬 수사하던 강남경찰서 강력반 이용준 형사 변사체 낚시터에서 발견 6. 세월호 관련 수사 받던 이재수 기무사령관 오피스텔에서 투신 자살 7. 기자회견을 예고했던 금융투자협회 권용원 회장 자택에서 숨진 채 발견 8. 조국 사모펀드 주담보 대출해준 상상인저축은행 간부 숨진 채 발견 9. 조국 사모펀드 운용에 가담했던 수사 참고인 모텔서 자살 10. 드루킹 여론조작 사건에 연루되어 수사받던 노회찬 의원 투신 자 11. 조진래 창원시장후보 별장에서 숨진 채 발견 12. 박원순 서울시장 핀란드대사관 인근에서 연락두절 후 북악산에서 넥타이로 목매 자살 13. 정의연 윤미향 자금 관리책 손모 소장 샤워기줄로 목매 자살 14. 정의연 윤미향 재판 담당 이모 부장판사 중식당에서 식사 중 쓰러져 사망 15. 옵티머스 펀드에 연루되어 수사 받던 이낙연 당대표 비서실 부실장 자살 중요한 수사 참고인이 죽은 것이 문재인 때문에 죽었다고는 단정 지을 수 없지만 중요한 수사 참고인이 갑작스럽게 사망하면서 더 이상 수사가 윗선으로 연결되지 않았다는 것은 팩트임 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 한국 경제 미래가 극단적으로 심각한 상황인 이유를 .araboja 3줄요약 1. 한국경제 지금은 겉으로는 매우 좋아보이지만 실속은 썩어버린 상태 2. 인구구조 개혁, 연금 개혁 등 모든 역량을 개혁에 쏟아부어야함. 3. 그러나 포퓰리즘 정권 들어서면 이민 준비하는게 더 빠를거다. --->일베의 글인데, 한국의 미래가 암울한 이유를 인구 감소 때문이라고 보고 있음. 하지만 인구 감소는 경제적 불안에서 비롯되는 부작용이기도 하다. 경제가 불안하고, 좋은 직업이 없으므로, 사람들은 결혼을 미루거나, 출산을 미룬다. 그게 바로 인구 감소라는 현상으로 나타나고 있는 것이다. 더 근본적인 문제는 한국, 나아가 근대의 대의민주제의 시스템에 문제가 있어왔는데, 근래 들어 그 부작용이 폭발 직전의 임계점까지 왔다는 데 있다. 국민을 위해 존재하는 관료와 정치인들이, 이제는 아주 공공연히 그들의 사익을 추구하면서 대중을 개돼지로 여기고 있는 것이다. 이것을 좀 어려운 말로 글로벌리즘이라고도 한다. 그리고 복지라는 말로 위장된 각종 제도들이 근대의 합리(또는 불합리)성 위에 설계되었지만, 사실은 모두 언제 터질지 모르는 시한폭탄과 같은 불안 요소가 되어버렸다. 그래서 헌법을 비롯한 사회 전체의 혁명적인 변화가 있어야 하지만, 이런 걸 깨달은 사람도 별로 없고, 또 알고 있다 해도, 좌파들이 득세한 지금의 세상에서 그걸 실행할 수 있는 사람도 별로 없다는 것이 문제다. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 트럼프에게 맡겨진 서양의 운명, 사회주의자 소굴이 된 다보스포럼 시대정신 연구소 https://youtu.be/vQmCYbBOneI --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 디지털 통화들이 통화의 세계를 바꾸고 있다. 법정 통화라는 형태의 정부 제정 통화는 역사적으로 보면 변이였다. 인류 역사에서는 사적인 돈과 유사 화폐들이 서로 경쟁을 했기 때문이다. 그런데 이제 새로운 사적인 화폐들이 나타나 경쟁을 하고 있다. 아마존, 구글, 페이스북, 애플 등이 모두 금융시장에 진입하고 있어서, 아마존은 몇몇 국가에서 대출과 금융 서비스를 실시하고 있고, 애플과 구글, 페이스북은 결제 시스템을 도입했다. 페이스북이 2019년 디지털 화폐인 리브라를 시장에 진입하겠다는 계획을 발표하자, 정치가와 관료들은 그것이 돈 세탁과 세금 탈루에 이용될 수 있다는 우려를 표명했다. 후에 페이스북은 리브라를 디엠으로 바꾸고, 디엠을 디지털 통화의 보편적인 플랫폼으로 만들고, 동시에 디엠 코인을 유통시키려는 계획을 발표했다. 디엠 코인은 개도국 시민들에게 환영받을 것으로 예상되는데, 문제는 이들 나라의 승인을 받아야 한다는 것이다. 하지만 이는 국가의 화폐 독점을 깨는 것이다. 하이에크는 정부의 통화 독점을 깨는 것은 우회적인 방법으로 새로운 통화를 도입하는 거라고 예견한 바 있다. 지난 금융위기 기간에 탄생한 비트코인은 바로 그런 통화의 하나였다. 정치가와 관료, 거대 금융 기업들의 끝없는 탐욕을 통제하려면 통화는 반드시 자유화되어야 하고 윤전기로 마음대로 찍어낼 수 없게 해야 된다. 디지털 통화와 달리 암호화폐는 개인들에 의해 암호화 방법으로 배타적으로 운용될 수 있다. 암호화폐는 블록체인 기술에 기반하고 있고, 기술적으로 보면 순전한 정보이자 수학일 뿐이다. Digital Currencies Are Changing the Money Landscape Pascal Hügli Government-mandated money in the form of legal tender is a historical anomaly. For much of mankind’s history private monies and quasi monies competed alongside each other. Now, again, a new era of private money competition is resurging and reshaping our world. Money, finance, and banking are currently experiencing the “Great Unbundling.” Value chains within finance are being broken up across the spectrum. Customers or users are no longer obtaining their money services as an all-in-one package from a single universal bank but increasingly follow a best-in-class approach in which the best offers from many different providers are chosen. This trend of the fragmentation of financial services has also been recognized by the tech giants of our time. Amazon, Apple, Google, and Facebook are all pushing into the financial sector. Amazon, for example, already offers loans and other financial services in some countries. Apple and Google Pay are already part of our everyday lives through iOS and Android devices. Facebook recently launched its payment system, Facebook Pay. WhatsApp's payment system was already active in Brazil when it was halted by the Brazilian central bank (the service is bound to relaunch soon). Facebook’s Libra Money Scheme Never Went Away As far as the largest social network in the world is concerned, the goals have been set even higher. In mid-2019, the tech giant announced its intention to launch the digital currency libra, which would be based on a consortium of several members. Soon after this announcement regulators and politicians all around the world began speaking up against this endeavor. Their fear: libra would be an ideal vehicle for money laundering and tax evasion that could potentially destabilize today’s financial order. After a lot of headwind, the people behind the project not only rebranded libra but came up with version 2.0, called Diem. Not only was the conglomerate consisting of twenty-seven members, with Facebook as one associate, renamed the Diem Association, the project has also changed its structure and goals significantly. While with the first design proposal much of the emphasis was on the libra stablecoin, Diem is designed to become a generic platform for digital programmable currencies. As such, a digital dollar, euro, or pound (e.g., ≋USD, ≋EUR, or ≋GBP) is supposed to be running on Diem’s infrastructure. These digital versions would each be backed by a reserve of assets made up of cash or cash equivalents and very short-term government securities (essentially government bonds) in the respective national currency. At the same time, a Diem coin (≋XDX), a price-stable multicurrency coin, is to be supported on the Diem payment system. Being a multicurrency stablecoin, the diem coin will be backed by a basket of the several single-currency stablecoins available on the Diem network. Thus, Diem will not rely solely on one national currency, but will be composed of a handful of different government currencies. The concept is similar to the Special Drawing Rights of the International Monetary Fund. Incorporating these national currencies into the Diem system can be interpreted as a step to win the favor of critics in the Western hemisphere. Can Diem Compete with Government Fiat Monies? After all, Diem is faced with a dilemma. Its founders envision the diem coin as an efficient cross-border settlement coin as well as a neutral, low-volatility option for people and businesses in countries that do not have a single-currency stablecoin on the network yet. This means that Diem will mainly be to the advantage of developing nations. In order to launch this project, though, the approval and favor of developed countries is needed. What politicians initially disliked about libra: the possible launch of a new private money by a large private company. Ultimately, this was seen as an attack on today's sacred cow among politicians, economists, and technocrats: the state’s monopoly of money. Now that Diem’s major focus is no longer a new global currency existing on its own, but a global payment system and a global financial infrastructure that is based on digital versions of today’s dominant national currencies, critics might change their view. The setup as it stands now would certainly be to the benefit of the US and other governments, as Diem’s coin would serve as a major demander of their securities. In a sense, Diem could ironically also turn out to be fiat’s last chance to keep its relevancy or at least would be a great geopolitical secret weapon against the digital currency initiatives initiated and eagerly pursued by the Chinese. The Diem a.k.a. libra story shows one thing all too clearly: challenging the state’s monopoly over money is no easy task. Hardly any initiative is met with greater resistance, as officials as well as economists know the sort of power they have by controlling money and its issuance. Friedrich A. Hayek knew and articulated this well: “I don't believe we shall ever have a good money again before we take the thing out of the hands of government, that is, we can't take them violently out of the hands of government, all we can do is by some sly roundabout way introduce something that they can't stop.” Notwithstanding libra/Diem, a new monetary era has been initiated by a potential new form of money called bitcoin. Born at the height of the financial crisis, bitcoin represents the antithesis to the existing financial order. The cryptoasset is an attempt to wrest money as a force influencing the economy, politics, and society from the hands of centrally planned God players. Money should be scarce and decentralized in order to tame the endless appetite of politicians, functionaries, and economic giants. In the eyes of its supporters, bitcoin is a counterreaction to the shameful misuse of fiat money. In the eyes of bitcoin enthusiasts, the efforts of fintech and Big Tech are not the solution, but part of the system, while the system is the real problem. Whether money is supported by the state and issued by private banks or even corporations, the problem remains the same: it remains in centralized hands and cannot be kept self-sovereign. Digital payment solutions such as Diem that want to turn current money into fiat money 2.0 are merely “lipstick on a pig,” according to bitcoin aficionados. They will not solve the fundamental problem of monetary socialism that ails our monetary system. Money is still tied to intermediaries, and every payment made is recorded in a central database controlled by a third party. Transactions can be censored at any time if necessary. A Credible Alternative? For this reason, a distinction must be made between digital currencies and cryptocurrencies. The latter can be exclusively controlled by individuals using cryptographic methods. So-called cryptographic values can thus be held and used directly by their owners and without intermediaries, similar to bearer instruments or material objects. Instead of being managed by an intermediary, crypto values and cryptoassets are based entirely on a blockchain. This is a distributed database nobody has sole control over. The blockchain is ultimately a computer protocol based on programming code. From a technical point of view, this makes the cryptoassets pure information and mathematics. Consequently, bitcoin stands for an alternative way of imagining a financial system. Today, our financial system is a conglomerate of abstract constructs such as contracts, promises, and balance sheets. This bears witness to the fact that our economy has been getting ever more abstract. The great philosopher and sociologist George Simmel had already noted this tendency toward ever-greater abstraction in 1900, in his work The Philosophy of Money. It can be assumed that this development will continue in the future. Money in the narrower sense, also known as base money, is likely to recede more and more. Money in the broader sense, i.e., money surrogates such as bank deposits, credit cards, and other credit agreements, is likely to become even more prominent. This development is driven by the financialization of the past decades, which has led to a stronger fusion of the economic and financial worlds. This amalgamate requires a financial alchemy that is now based on three basic building blocks: institutions, incentives, and human participation. In the existing financial system, the human element predominates. Contracts and promises are framed by institutions, but they are executed and enforced by human hands. In contrast, bitcoin at the protocol level reduces the human element to an unprecedented extent and gives the other two components more weight. On the one hand, technology and incentives to keep the human element in check are becoming more important due to mathematics, cryptography, and computer science. A financial alchemy as we know it today, but one based on bitcoin, is likely to depend less on the human element and more on computers, formulas, and code to control, execute, and enforce it. What kind of financial alchemy is better in an objective sense cannot be determined at this point in time. This is for the future to decide. As with the discovery of bitcoin, the decision will be made between different types of money that are in direct competition. There’s a traditional world that will be upgraded and take the form of CBDCs (central bank digital currencies) and tokenized assets still based on fiat state money. And there is a more decentralized new world that is being developed, dominated by more private versions of money in the form of bitcoin, ether, and other cryptoassets that will host tokenized assets (such as gold) as well. Pascal Hügli is the chief research officer at Schlossberg&Co, a Swiss asset manager focused on protecting its clients' wealth from unprecedented and increasing monetary socialism around the globe. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------